COP31 की मेजबानी के लिए भारत की दावेदारी और जलवायु लक्ष्य
भारत ने 2028 में होने वाले संयुक्त राष्ट्र जलवायु शिखर सम्मेलन (COP31) की मेजबानी के लिए औपचारिक रूप से अपनी दावेदारी पेश की है।
2-Minute Summary (TL;DR)
- India has formally bid to host the UN Climate Change Conference (COP31) in 2028.
- India previously hosted COP8 in New Delhi in 2002.
- India's 'Panchamrit' goals, announced at COP26, aim for net-zero emissions by 2070.
- A key Panchamrit goal is to achieve 500 GW of non-fossil fuel energy capacity by 2030.
- India aims to reduce its economy's carbon intensity by less than 45% by 2030.
- Hosting COP31 would position India as a leader for the Global South on climate finance.
- The bid aligns with India's commitment to the Paris Agreement and sustainable development.
- India aims to reduce total projected carbon emissions by 1 billion tonnes between 2021 and 2030.
How This Topic is Tested in Competitive Exams
| Exam | Frequency | Approx. Marks | What Gets Asked |
|---|---|---|---|
| UPSC / State PCS | Very High | 12–20 | Environment and Ecology is a separate section in UPSC Prelims. GS-III includes environment, climate change, and disaster management. |
| State PCS / PSC | High | 5–8 | State PCS papers test both central environment policy and state-specific conservation achievements. |
Key Facts to Remember: COP31 की मेजबानी के लिए भारत की दावेदारी और जलवायु लक्ष्य
- India has formally bid to host the UN Climate Change Conference (COP31) in 2028.
- India previously hosted COP8 in New Delhi in 2002.
- India's 'Panchamrit' goals, announced at COP26, aim for net-zero emissions by 2070.
- A key Panchamrit goal is to achieve 500 GW of non-fossil fuel energy capacity by 2030.
- India aims to reduce its economy's carbon intensity by less than 45% by 2030.
- Hosting COP31 would position India as a leader for the Global South on climate finance.
- The bid aligns with India's commitment to the Paris Agreement and sustainable development.
- India aims to reduce total projected carbon emissions by 1 billion tonnes between 2021 and 2030.
Practice Questions
Q1. In which year has India formally submitted its bid to host the COP31 summit?
- 2026
- 2027
- 2028
- 2030
Explanation: India has officially put forth its bid to host the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP31) in the year 2028. This move signifies India's commitment to playing a leading role in global climate action.
Q2. Which of the following is NOT one of India's 'Panchamrit' goals announced at COP26?
- Achieve net-zero emissions by 2070.
- Reduce total projected carbon emissions by 1 billion tonnes between 2021 and 2030.
- Increase non-fossil fuel energy capacity to 500 GW by 2030.
- Achieve 100% renewable energy by 2030.
Explanation: The 'Panchamrit' goals include achieving net-zero by 2070, reducing emissions by 1 billion tonnes, increasing non-fossil fuel capacity to 500 GW by 2030, and reducing carbon intensity. Achieving 100% renewable energy by 2030 is not explicitly stated as a Panchamrit goal, although increasing renewable energy share is a target.
Q3. When did India previously host a UN Climate Change Conference (COP)?
- 1998 (COP4)
- 2002 (COP8)
- 2010 (COP16)
- 2015 (COP21)
Explanation: India has hosted the UN Climate Change Conference once before. It hosted COP8 in New Delhi in the year 2002. This event focused on adaptation and vulnerability issues.
Q4. What is the target year for India to achieve 500 GW of non-fossil fuel energy capacity as part of its climate commitments?
- 2025
- 2030
- 2040
- 2050
Explanation: As part of its 'Panchamrit' commitments, India has set an ambitious target to increase its non-fossil fuel-based energy capacity to 500 GW by the year 2030. This is a crucial step towards decarbonizing its energy sector.
Q5. Hosting COP31 in 2028 is expected to significantly enhance India's role in advocating for which group of nations on climate finance?
- Developed Nations
- Small Island Developing States (SIDS)
- The Global South
- Arctic Nations
Explanation: By hosting COP31, India aims to position itself as a key negotiator and advocate for the Global South, emphasizing the need for greater climate finance and support for developing countries in addressing climate change impacts and mitigation efforts.
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