भारत में चीता पुनर्वास परियोजना का दूसरा चरण
प्रोजेक्ट चीता के तहत, दक्षिण अफ्रीका से चीतों का एक नया जत्था मध्य प्रदेश के गांधी सागर अभयारण्य में लाने की तैयारी पूरी हो गई है।
2-Minute Summary (TL;DR)
- The second phase of India's Cheetah Reintroduction Project involves translocating cheetahs from South Africa to Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary, Madhya Pradesh.
- Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is being prepared as the second major habitat for cheetahs in India, expanding the project beyond Kuno National Park.
- The cheetah was declared extinct in India in 1952, and Project Cheetah aims to re-establish a viable population.
- The project is a large-scale, inter-continental translocation effort focused on restoring grassland ecosystems and biodiversity.
- Key developments include the arrival of cheetahs from Namibia and South Africa starting in September 2022, and subsequent breeding efforts.
- Habitat management at Gandhi Sagar includes increasing prey populations (chital, sambar, blackbuck) and ensuring adequate security.
- The reintroduction aims to restore the ecological balance by reintroducing an apex predator crucial for grassland health.
- This initiative is a significant global conservation effort, providing valuable insights into species reintroduction programs.
How This Topic is Tested in Competitive Exams
| Exam | Frequency | Approx. Marks | What Gets Asked |
|---|---|---|---|
| UPSC / State PCS | Very High | 12–20 | Environment and Ecology is a separate section in UPSC Prelims. GS-III includes environment, climate change, and disaster management. |
| State PCS / PSC | High | 5–8 | State PCS papers test both central environment policy and state-specific conservation achievements. |
| SSC (CGL / CHSL / MTS) | High | 3–5 | National parks, Ramsar sites, pollution levels, and climate summits appear in SSC GK. |
Key Facts to Remember: भारत में चीता पुनर्वास परियोजना का दूसरा चरण
- The second phase of India's Cheetah Reintroduction Project involves translocating cheetahs from South Africa to Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary, Madhya Pradesh.
- Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is being prepared as the second major habitat for cheetahs in India, expanding the project beyond Kuno National Park.
- The cheetah was declared extinct in India in 1952, and Project Cheetah aims to re-establish a viable population.
- The project is a large-scale, inter-continental translocation effort focused on restoring grassland ecosystems and biodiversity.
- Key developments include the arrival of cheetahs from Namibia and South Africa starting in September 2022, and subsequent breeding efforts.
- Habitat management at Gandhi Sagar includes increasing prey populations (chital, sambar, blackbuck) and ensuring adequate security.
- The reintroduction aims to restore the ecological balance by reintroducing an apex predator crucial for grassland health.
- This initiative is a significant global conservation effort, providing valuable insights into species reintroduction programs.
Practice Questions
Q1. Which wildlife sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh is being prepared as the second major site for cheetah reintroduction in India?
- Kanha National Park
- Pench National Park
- Bandhavgarh National Park
- Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary
Explanation: Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh has been identified and prepared as the second key location for the cheetah reintroduction project, following Kuno National Park.
Q2. In which year was the cheetah officially declared extinct in India?
- 1947
- 1952
- 1965
- 1975
Explanation: The cheetah was declared extinct in India in the year 1952. Project Cheetah aims to reverse this historical loss by reintroducing the species.
Q3. The initial batches of cheetahs for India's reintroduction project were brought from which two countries?
- Namibia and Botswana
- South Africa and Kenya
- Namibia and South Africa
- Tanzania and Namibia
Explanation: The first batch of cheetahs arrived from Namibia in September 2022, followed by a second batch from South Africa in February 2023, as part of Project Cheetah.
Q4. What is a primary ecological objective of the Cheetah Reintroduction Project in India?
- To increase the population of wild dogs
- To restore grassland ecosystems and biodiversity
- To control the population of tigers
- To promote the growth of invasive plant species
Explanation: The reintroduction of cheetahs, as apex predators, is crucial for maintaining the health of grassland ecosystems by regulating prey populations and promoting overall biodiversity.
Q5. Which of the following is NOT a key development associated with Project Cheetah?
- Translocation of cheetahs from other continents
- Establishment of cheetah populations in multiple Indian states
- Breeding of cheetah cubs in captivity and wild enclosures
- Declaring the cheetah as a national animal of India
Explanation: While cheetahs have been translocated and breeding has occurred, declaring the cheetah as the national animal of India is not a part of Project Cheetah's objectives or developments.
How to Prepare Environment for Government Exams — भारत में चीता पुनर्वास परियोजना का दूसरा चरण
Ramsar sites and World Heritage Site additions are announced annually. Compile the year's additions — they are direct exam questions.
For UPSC, understand the international treaty context: Paris Agreement, CBD, CITES, Ramsar — know what each treaty does.
Climate news = policy news. Always note the government response to any environmental event — that's what UPSC Mains tests.
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