संयुक्त राष्ट्र सुरक्षा परिषद (UNSC) सुधार: भारत की स्थायी सदस्यता के लिए बढ़ता समर्थन
संयुक्त राष्ट्र महासभा के 80वें सत्र के दौरान, कई प्रमुख देशों ने सुरक्षा परिषद में भारत की स्थायी सदस्यता का पुरजोर समर्थन किया है।
2-Minute Summary (TL;DR)
- Several key nations, including France, UK, and US, reiterated support for India's permanent UNSC membership during the 80th UNGA session.
- The L.69 group of developing nations called for a time-bound framework for UNSC expansion and reforms.
- India argues UNSC's current structure reflects 1945 realities, not 21st-century geopolitical dynamics.
- Permanent membership grants India veto power, enhancing its influence in global security decisions.
- China remains a significant obstacle to India's UNSC permanent seat aspirations.
- The G4 nations (India, Japan, Germany, Brazil) continue to advocate collectively for UNSC expansion.
- UNSC structure: 5 permanent members (P5) with veto power and 10 non-permanent members elected for 2-year terms.
- UNSC reforms have been stalled for decades, with minimal structural changes since 1965.
How This Topic is Tested in Competitive Exams
| Exam | Frequency | Approx. Marks | What Gets Asked |
|---|---|---|---|
| UPSC / State PCS | Very High | 10–20 | International relations is a core GS-II topic for UPSC. Bilateral agreements, multilateral bodies, and geopolitics are essential. |
| State PCS / PSC | Medium | 3–5 | State PCS papers test India's role in international forums and bilateral trade ties. |
Key Facts to Remember: संयुक्त राष्ट्र सुरक्षा परिषद (UNSC) सुधार: भारत की स्थायी सदस्यता के लिए बढ़ता समर्थन
- Several key nations, including France, UK, and US, reiterated support for India's permanent UNSC membership during the 80th UNGA session.
- The L.69 group of developing nations called for a time-bound framework for UNSC expansion and reforms.
- India argues UNSC's current structure reflects 1945 realities, not 21st-century geopolitical dynamics.
- Permanent membership grants India veto power, enhancing its influence in global security decisions.
- China remains a significant obstacle to India's UNSC permanent seat aspirations.
- The G4 nations (India, Japan, Germany, Brazil) continue to advocate collectively for UNSC expansion.
- UNSC structure: 5 permanent members (P5) with veto power and 10 non-permanent members elected for 2-year terms.
- UNSC reforms have been stalled for decades, with minimal structural changes since 1965.
Practice Questions
Q1. Which of the following groups actively advocates for UNSC reforms and the inclusion of new permanent members from developing nations?
- G7 Nations
- BRICS
- L.69 Group
- ASEAN
Explanation: The L.69 group is a significant bloc comprising developing countries from Africa, Latin America, and Asia that consistently pushes for reforms in the UNSC, including the expansion of permanent and non-permanent seats to ensure better representation.
Q2. Which of these countries is NOT a part of the G4 nations advocating for UNSC expansion?
- India
- Germany
- Brazil
- South Africa
Explanation: The G4 nations, which coordinate efforts to support each other's bids for permanent seats in the UNSC, consist of India, Japan, Germany, and Brazil. South Africa is a prominent nation but not part of the G4 bloc.
Q3. What is the primary argument India uses to justify its claim for a permanent seat in the UNSC?
- It is the world's largest democracy and a major economic power.
- It has the largest population among UN member states.
- It has consistently contributed to UN peacekeeping missions.
- All of the above
Explanation: India's case for a permanent UNSC seat is multifaceted, encompassing its status as the world's largest democracy, its significant economic growth and global influence, and its substantial contributions to UN peacekeeping operations over the decades.
Q4. Which of the following is a major challenge hindering India's bid for a permanent seat in the UNSC?
- Opposition from the United States
- Lack of support from African nations
- Opposition from China
- Insufficient number of non-permanent members
Explanation: China has historically been a significant obstacle to India's aspiration for a permanent seat in the UNSC. Its geopolitical interests often lead it to resist changes that could enhance India's global standing and influence.
Q5. The current structure of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) has remained largely unchanged since which year, apart from the increase in non-permanent members?
- 1945
- 1955
- 1965
- 1975
Explanation: While the UNSC was established in 1945, the number of non-permanent members was increased from 6 to 10 in 1965. However, the number of permanent members and the veto power structure have remained unchanged since its inception.
How to Prepare International Affairs for Government Exams — संयुक्त राष्ट्र सुरक्षा परिषद (UNSC) सुधार: भारत…
Focus on India-centric news — India's bilateral visits, MoUs signed, and positions in international bodies. This is what domestic exams test.
For UPSC, understand geopolitical context: Why does India take a particular position? What is India's strategic interest?
Keep a running note of all G20, SCO, BRICS, and QUAD-related outcomes. These bodies generate 3–5 questions per major exam cycle.
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